#FactCheck - False Claim about Video of Sadhu Lying in Fire at Mahakumbh 2025

The race for global leadership in AI is in full force. As China and the US emerge as the ‘AI Superpowers’ in the world, the world grapples with the questions around AI governance, ethics, regulation, and safety. Some are calling this an ‘AI Arms Race.’ Most of the applications of these AI systems are in large language models for commercial use or military applications. Countries like Germany, Japan, France, Singapore, and India are now participating in this race and are not mere spectators. 

The Government of India’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has launched the IndiaAI Mission, an umbrella program for the use and development of AI technology. This MeitY initiative lays the groundwork for supporting an array of AI goals for the country. The government has allocated INR 10,300 crore for this endeavour. This mission includes pivotal initiatives like the IndiaAI Compute Capacity, IndiaAI Innovation Centre (IAIC), IndiaAI Datasets Platform, IndiaAI Application Development Initiative, IndiaAI FutureSkills, IndiaAI Startup Financing, and Safe & Trusted AI.

There are several challenges and opportunities that India will have to navigate and capitalize on to become a significant player in the global AI race. The various components of India’s ‘AI Stack’ will have to work well in tandem to create a robust ecosystem that yields globally competitive results. The IndiaAI mission focuses on building large language models in vernacular languages and developing compute infrastructure. There must be more focus on developing good datasets and research as well.

Resource Allocation and Infrastructure Development

The government is focusing on building the elementary foundation for AI competitiveness. This includes the procurement of AI chips and compute capacity, about 10,000 graphics processing units (GPUs), to support India’s start-ups, researchers, and academics. These GPUs have been strategically distributed, with 70% being high-end newer models and the remaining 30% comprising lower-end older-generation models. This approach ensures that a robust ecosystem is built, which includes everything from cutting-edge research to more routine applications. A major player in this initiative is Yotta Data Services, which holds the largest share of 9,216 GPUs, including 8,192 Nvidia H100s. Other significant contributors include Amazon AWS's managed service providers, Jio Platforms, and CtrlS Datacenters. 

Policy Implications: Charting a Course for Tech Sovereignty and Self-reliance

With this government initiative, there is a concerted effort to develop indigenous AI models and reduce tech dependence on foreign players. There is a push to develop local Large Language Models and domain-specific foundational models, creating AI solutions that are truly Indian in nature and application. Many advanced chip manufacturing takes place in Taiwan, which has a looming China threat. India’s focus on chip procurement and GPUs speaks to a larger agenda of self-reliance and sovereignty, keeping in mind the geopolitical calculus. This is an important thing to focus on, however, it must not come at the cost of developing the technological ‘know-how’ and research. 

Developing AI capabilities at home also has national security implications. When it comes to defence systems, control over AI infrastructure and data becomes extremely important. The IndiaAI Mission will focus on safe and trusted AI, including developing frameworks that fit the Indian context. It has to be ensured that AI applications align with India's security interests and can be confidently deployed in sensitive defence applications.

The big problem here to solve here is the ‘data problem.’ There must be a focus on developing strategies to mitigate the data problem that disadvantages the Indian AI ecosystem. Some data problems are unique to India, such as generating data in local languages. While other problems are the ones that appear in every AI ecosystem development lifecycle namely generating publicly available data and licensed data. India must strengthen its ‘Digital Public Infrastructure’ and data commons across sectors and domains.

India has proposed setting up the India Data Management Office to serve as India’s data regulator as part of its draft National Data Governance Framework Policy. The MeitY IndiaAI expert working group report also talked about operationalizing the India Datasets Platform and suggested the establishment of data management units within each ministry.

Economic Impact: Growth and Innovation

The government’s focus on technology and industry has far-reaching economic implications. There is a push to develop the AI startup ecosystem in the country. The IndiaAI mission heavily focuses on inviting ideas and projects under its ambit. The investments will strengthen the IndiaAI startup financing system, making it easier for nascent AI businesses to obtain capital and accelerate their development from product to market. Funding provisions for industry-led AI initiatives that promote social impact and stimulate innovation and entrepreneurship are also included in the plan. The government press release states, "The overarching aim of this financial outlay is to ensure a structured implementation of the IndiaAI Mission through a public-private partnership model aimed at nurturing India’s AI innovation ecosystem.”

The government also wants to establish India as a hub for sustainable AI innovation and attract top AI talent from across the globe. One crucial aspect that needs to be worked on here is fostering talent and skill development. India has a unique advantage, that is, top-tier talent in STEM fields. Yet we suffer from a severe talent gap that needs to be addressed on a priority basis. Even though India is making strides in nurturing AI talents, out-migration of tech talent is still a reality. Once the hardware manufacturing “goods-side” of economics transitions to service delivery in the field of AI globally, India will need to be ready to deploy its talent. Several structural and policy interfaces, like the New Education Policy and industry-academic partnership frameworks, allow India to capitalize on this opportunity. 

India’s talent strategy must be robust and long-term, focusing heavily on multi-stakeholder engagement. The government has a pivotal role here by creating industry-academia interfaces and enabling tech hubs and innovation parks.

India's Position in the Global AI Race

India’s foreign policy and geopolitical standpoint have been one of global cooperation. This must not change when it comes to AI. Even though this has been dubbed as the “AI Arms Race,” India should encourage worldwide collaboration on AI R&D through collaboration with other countries in order to strengthen its own capabilities. India must prioritise more significant open-source AI development, work with the US, Europe, Australia, Japan, and other friendly countries to prevent the unethical use of AI and contribute to the formation of a global consensus on the boundaries for AI development. 

The IndiaAI Mission will have far-reaching implications for India’s diplomatic and economic relations. The unique proposition that India comes with is its ethos of inclusivity, ethics, regulation, and safety from the get-go. We should keep up the efforts to create a powerful voice for the Global South in AI. The IndiaAI Mission marks a pivotal moment in India's technological journey. Its success could not only elevate India's status as a tech leader but also serve as a model for other nations looking to harness the power of AI for national development and global competitiveness. In conclusion, the IndiaAI Mission seeks to strengthen India's position as a global leader in AI, promote technological independence, guarantee the ethical and responsible application of AI, and democratise the advantages of AI at all societal levels.

References

• ​​Ashwini Vaishnaw to launch IndiaAI portal, 10 firms to provide 14,000 GPUs. (2025, February 17). https://www.business-standard.com/. Retrieved February 25, 2025, from https://www.business-standard.com/industry/news/indiaai-compute-portal-ashwini-vaishnaw-gpu-artificial-intelligence-jio-125021700245_1.html
• Global IndiaAI Summit 2024 being organized with a commitment to advance responsible development, deployment and adoption of AI in the country. (n.d.). https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2029841
• India to Launch AI Compute Portal, 10 Firms to Supply 14,000 GPUs. (2025, February 17). apacnewsnetwork.com. https://apacnewsnetwork.com/2025/02/india-to-launch-ai-compute-portal-10-firms-to-supply-14000-gpus/
• INDIAai | Pillars. (n.d.). IndiaAI. https://indiaai.gov.in/
• IndiaAI Innovation Challenge 2024 | Software Technology Park of India | Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology Government of India. (n.d.). http://stpi.in/en/events/indiaai-innovation-challenge-2024
• IndiaAI Mission To Deploy 14,000 GPUs For Compute Capacity, Starts Subsidy Plan. (2025, February 17). www.businessworld.in. Retrieved February 25, 2025, from https://www.businessworld.in/article/indiaai-mission-to-deploy-14000-gpus-for-compute-capacity-starts-subsidy-plan-548253
• India’s interesting AI initiatives in 2024: AI landscape in India. (n.d.). IndiaAI. https://indiaai.gov.in/article/india-s-interesting-ai-initiatives-in-2024-ai-landscape-in-india
• Mehra, P. (2025, February 17). Yotta joins India AI Mission to provide advanced GPU, AI cloud services. Techcircle. https://www.techcircle.in/2025/02/17/yotta-joins-india-ai-mission-to-provide-advanced-gpu-ai-cloud-services/
• IndiaAI 2023: Expert Group Report – First Edition. (n.d.). IndiaAI. https://indiaai.gov.in/news/indiaai-2023-expert-group-report-first-edition
• Satish, R., Mahindru, T., World Economic Forum, Microsoft, Butterfield, K. F., Sarkar, A., Roy, A., Kumar, R., Sethi, A., Ravindran, B., Marchant, G., Google, Havens, J., Srichandra (IEEE), Vatsa, M., Goenka, S., Anandan, P., Panicker, R., Srivatsa, R., . . . Kumar, R. (2021). Approach Document for India. In World Economic Forum Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Approach Document for India [Report]. https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2021-02/Responsible-AI-22022021.pdf
• Stratton, J. (2023, August 10). Those who solve the data dilemma will win the A.I. revolution. Fortune. https://fortune.com/2023/08/10/workday-data-ai-revolution/
• Suri, A. (n.d.). The missing pieces in India’s AI puzzle: talent, data, and R&D. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2025/02/the-missing-pieces-in-indias-ai-puzzle-talent-data-and-randd?lang=en
• The AI arms race. (2024, February 13). Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/21eb5996-89a3-11e8-bf9e-8771d5404543

‍

Executive Summary:

A misleading video of a child covered in ash allegedly circulating as the evidence for attacks against Hindu minorities in Bangladesh. However, the  investigation revealed that the video is actually from Gaza, Palestine, and was filmed following an Israeli airstrike in July 2024. The claim linking the video to Bangladesh is false and misleading.

Claims:

A viral video claims to show a child in Bangladesh covered in ash as evidence of attacks on Hindu minorities.

Fact Check:

Upon receiving the viral posts, we conducted a Google Lens search on keyframes of the video, which led us to a X post posted by Quds News Network. The report identified the video as footage from Gaza, Palestine, specifically capturing the aftermath of an Israeli airstrike on the Nuseirat refugee camp in July 2024.

The caption of the post reads, “Journalist Hani Mahmoud reports on the deadly Israeli attack yesterday which targeted a UN school in Nuseirat, killing at least 17 people who were sheltering inside and injuring many more.”

‍

To further verify, we examined the video footage where the watermark of Al Jazeera News media could be seen, We found the same post posted on the Instagram account on 14 July, 2024 where we confirmed that the child in the video had survived a massacre caused by the Israeli airstrike on a school shelter in Gaza. 

‍

Additionally, we found the same video uploaded to CBS News' YouTube channel, where it was clearly captioned as "Video captures aftermath of Israeli airstrike in Gaza",  further confirming its true origin.

‍

We found no credible reports or evidence were found linking this video to any incidents in Bangladesh. This clearly implies that the viral video was falsely attributed to Bangladesh. 

Conclusion:

The video circulating on social media which shows a child covered in ash as the evidence of attack against Hindu minorities is false and misleading. The investigation leads that the video originally originated from Gaza, Palestine and documents the aftermath of an Israeli air strike in July 2024.  

• Claims: A video shows a child in Bangladesh covered in ash as evidence of attacks on Hindu minorities.
• Claimed by: Facebook
• Fact Check: False & Misleading

Introduction

The advent of Electronic Vehicles (EVs) represents a transformative leap towards a more sustainable and environmentally conscious transportation future by nations. However, as these vehicles become increasingly connected and reliant on advanced technological systems, a parallel concern emerges—data privacy. Integrating sophisticated technologies in EVs, such as GPS tracking, biometric authentication, and in-car connectivity, raises substantial questions about the collection, storage, and potential misuse of sensitive personal information. This intersection of automotive innovation and data privacy underscores the need for comprehensive solutions and regulatory frameworks to ensure that the benefits of electric vehicles are realised without compromising the privacy and security of their users.

Electronic vehicles primarily record three types of data;

1. Driving behaviour and patterns: The e-vehicle records braking and driving patterns, including acceleration, speed, and swerve. Some vehicles even track air conditioning usage and airbag deployment to determine the point of failure in the event of a crash.
2. Location data: The e-vehicles also track GPS systems to gauge the speed and direction of the vehicle.
3. EV functions and use of telematic services: Monitoring of EV functions includes battery use management, battery charging history, battery deterioration, electrical system functions and software version information.

Data Privacy requirements of companies

Companies manufacturing e-vehicles are saddled with several data privacy requirements as concerns about consumer safety. Data collected by e-vehicles may be sensitive in nature. Location tracking is a key issue that has garnered attention. The constant recording of a driver's whereabouts can lead to the creation of detailed profiles, raising questions about the potential misuse or unauthorised access to this sensitive information. The risk of surveillance, stalking, or even theft of valuable personal data is a genuine concern for EV owners.

Moreover, integrating smart features, such as voice recognition, biometric authentication, and in-car personal assistants, adds another layer of complexity. These features require the collection and processing of personal data. If not handled securely, they may become vulnerable to hacking or unauthorised access, leading to identity theft or other malicious activities. Additionally, Smart charging systems offer convenience by allowing remote monitoring and control of charging, but they also gather extensive data. The geographical data collected during charging may raise concerns about location privacy.

Striking a delicate balance between leveraging this data for enhancing vehicle performance and user experience while safeguarding the privacy of EV owners is paramount. Transparent privacy policies, secure data storage practices, and stringent encryption protocols are essential components of a comprehensive approach to data protection. If a company is eyeing the international market or utilising cloud-based software with decentralised global data storage, it must also navigate international privacy and data protection laws. A prime example is the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), a globally recognised and stringent data protection law applicable to both European-based companies and international entities providing goods, services, or monitoring activities of residents within Europe. 

Manufacturers of these vehicles are subjected to compliance with this comprehensive legal framework. Obligations on companies are levied by them being data fiduciaries; dual liability may also emanate since some data fiduciaries may also qualify as data processors. Special care must be taken when data is being transferred to third parties. 

Further, compliance with consumer safety laws is also an important consideration. In India, the Consumer Protection Act of 2019 safeguards the rights of consumers, holding manufacturers, sellers, and service providers responsible for any harm resulting from faulty or defective products. This extends the Act's coverage to include manufacturers and sellers of internet and technology-based products. When read with the Digital Personal Data Protection Act of 2023 (DPDP Act), the Consumer Protection Act of 2019 takes on additional significance. The DPDP Act, focusing on the security of an individual's digital personal data, introduces provisions such as mandatory consent, purpose limitation, data minimisation, obligatory security measures by organisations, data localisation, and enforcing accountability and compliance. These provisions apply to information generated by and for consumers, offering a comprehensive framework for protecting digital personal data.

Conclusion

The intersection of e-vehicles and data privacy necessitates a careful and comprehensive approach to ensure the coexistence of automotive innovation and user security. As electric vehicles record intricate data related to driving behaviour, location, and telematic services, companies manufacturing these vehicles must navigate a complex landscape of data privacy requirements. The potential risks associated with location tracking, smart features, and the extensive data collected during charging underscore the importance of transparent privacy policies, secure data storage practices, and stringent encryption protocols. Moreover, as companies expand globally, compliance with international privacy laws like the GDPR becomes imperative. Balancing the enhancement of vehicle performance and user experience with the safeguarding of privacy is paramount. Manufacturers, deemed as data fiduciaries, must exercise diligence, especially when transferring data to third parties. Additionally, adherence to consumer safety laws, such as the Consumer Protection Act of 2019, further emphasises the need for a holistic and vigilant approach to ensure the responsible use of data in the evolving landscape of e-vehicles.

References

• https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1556&context=chtlj 
• https://cyberswitching.com/electric-car-charging-and-data-privacy/#:~:text=Smart%20charging%20systems%20provide%20convenience,in%20safeguarding%20EV%20user%20privacy